Carl lamm



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- PART. LAWN. ()l STOPKHOTJI, \\'F.l)EN.

EXPLOSIVE COMPOUND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.455,217, dated June 80, 1891.

Application filed November 24,1885. Serial No. 183,885. (Specimens) Patented in Sweden September 13, 1885, No. 329:111 Belgium November 9, 1885, No. 70,796; in England November 10,1885,No.13,690iin1rance March 12,1886, No. 174,713 in Norway March 13,1886,N0.130; in Finland April 1, 1886,11'0. 257; in Italy April 17, 1886, No. 78: in Spain July 26,1886. No. 5,798: 8,931; in Portugal July 26, 1886,110. 1,266; in Russia December 31, 1886,1111. 11,675; in New South Wales April14, 1888, No. 619; in Tasmania April 25, 1888, No. 568/10; in Victoria A'pril 28, 1888, No. 5,793; in South Australia May 22,1888, No. 1.032; in New Zealand May 30, 1888, No. 8,014; in Natal Jnly l7, 1888; in Cape of Good Hope July 21, 1888, No. 396/4 32; in Queensland February 20, 1889, No. 584, and in Austria-Hungary October 30,1889, No. 14,457,170.

58,453, No. 22,289, and No. 58,455.

To all whom it may /160771:

Be it known that 1, CARL LAMM, of Stockholni, Sweden, have inven ted an Improvement inExplosive Compounds, (for which I have obtained patents in Sweden, No. 120, dated September 111, 1885; in X orway, No. 130, dated March 13, 1886; in Great Britain, No. 1313110, dated November 1 18 in Belgium, No. 70,7116, dated November 1', 18 -3; in France, No.1T4J1-T), dnicd fn'arch 1;", 1886; in Italy, No. 78, dated April 17, 1881 in Spain, No.

;"i,793/8,931,datod July 2 1886; in Portugal,

No. 1,266, dated July :26, 138 in PtussizuNo. 11,675, dated December 33.1, 188 1; in Finland, No. dated April .1, 18813; in Austria l-lungary, No. 11,157, No. 53,153, No. 22,289, and No. 53,155, dated Member 30, 1880; in Natal, dated July 17, 1888; in (ape 01 Good llope, No. 396/1 12, dated July 21, 1888; in New South \Valos, No. 1311 dated April 1-1, 1888; in Victoria, No. 5,793, dated April 28, 1888; in South Australia, No. 1,032, dated MayiEZ, 1888; in 'lasniania, No. 568/10, dated April 25, 1888, in New Zoaland, No. 1,01 1, dated May 30, 1838., and in (Queensland, No. 584, dated ehruary 20, 1881135111611 do hereby declare the following to be a full, elem, and exact description of the same.

The well-known powcrl'ul exphisivo nitroglyoerine has been used extensively since its invention in 1 347; but as it is highly dangen ons,bothin use and manufacture, are also all explosives into which it enters as a const tuent part, various attempts have bcon 1nade to provide a powerful explosive which 1s loss dangerous in its manufacture, trnnsporiatron, and use.

The objectmf my invention is toprovi-zlesuch an explosive\ 'ch does not posscssihc objectionable-qualities of nitro-glyocri neand itisin the nature of a cornpournl COliSlSillllfjOf a ni trato (such. nitrate o1" ammonia, nitrntv oi, potas of soda, or nitrate o1 baryta) anddinitro coin zinc or(linitro-bcnnol niiixcdin the proportions hereinafter described, so that when uxploded the iiyi lrogcn oithcdiniLro-lmnzine or dinitro-benzol burns and l'ornlswnter, and the carbonof the same materialformscarbonic acid at the expense of the oxygen contained in the nit-rate conjointly with the oxygen contained in the dinitro-benzine. In compounding this mixture I have also had in view the protection of the nitrates from the influence of moisture, and for this reason the dinitro-benzine or dinitro-bcnzol, which is a solid, is pulverized, as is also the solid nitrate, and both are then mixed and heated by steam in suitable molds to 212 Fahrenheit, which causes the dinitro-benzine or dinitro-benzol to melt betwecn=176 and 212 Fahrenheit and to completely -.en:elopc the particles of saltpeter or otheiflnitrate used. The mass solidifies in cooling, and is molded into cartridges or bodies of any suitable shape, or i i. may be pulverized or granulated.

1 have found the following proportions ofingredioni's to give the best results: dinit-robenzine, one part, and nitrate of ammonia, at least 1.5) part; dinitro-benzine, one part, and nitrate ol' potassa, 0.96 part; dinitro-bonzinc, one part, and nitrate of baryta, 1.24 part: dinitro-b'enzine, one part, and nitrate of soda, (1.81 part.

The above proportions of the ingredients are so selected as to yield or form carbonic ox de and water when the explosion lakes place.

11 the proportion of saltpeter or other nitrate be increased about three times, carbonic acid and water-will be forined,\vlricl1give the bestresults for mining purposes.

The advantages which my OXplOSlYP possesses are as follows:

First. It cannot be exploded by means of a shock or blow;

Second. 11 cannot be ignited by fire.

Third. It has considerably more power than other high explosives.

Fourth. ll: docs not corneal at a low temperaturo.

liiith. Previous to being used it may be pulverized without danger.

Sixth. It can be safely transported, used, and stored. r 1

Seventh. It can be used to advantage in coal-mines in place of -gunpowder, and from a 5 fourth to a fifth of the quantity only is required. I am aware of United States Patent to V01- ney, No. 157,143, and I do not claim anything in the same. 10 described in British Patents No.2,422, of 187 6';

No. 2,775, of 1880, not No. 2,139, of 1885.

Whs I1 i a ,1. An explosive compound composed of a Neither do I claim anything nitrate salt and dinitro-benzine or dinitro benzol, substantially as and for the purpose I 5 specified; I

2. An explosive compound composed of ni-' hem of ammonia and' dinitro-benzine or dinitro-benzol, snbstantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed 20 my name in the presence of two subscribing 

